11 March 2009- The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has reported a new confirmed human case of avian influenza. The new case is a one and a half year old female from Menofia Governorate. Her symptoms began on 6 March and she was hospitalized on 9 March where she remains in a stable condition. Infection with H5N1 avian influenza was confirmed on 10 March by the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory.

Investigations into the source of her infection indicate a history of close contact with dead and sick poultry prior to becoming ill.

10 March 2009- The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has reported a new confirmed human case of avian influenza. The new case is a two and a half year old male from Amaria District, Alexandria Governorate. His symptoms began on 3 March and he was hospitalized at Alexandria Fever Hospital where he remains in a stable condition. Infection with H5N1 avian influenza was confirmed by the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory on 4 March.

Investigations into the source of infection indicate a history of close contact with dead and sick poultry prior to becoming ill.

2 March 2009- The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has reported a new confirmed human case of avian influenza on 1 March 2009. The new case is a two-year old male from Yousef el seddik district of Fayoum Governorate whose symptoms began on 25 February. He was hospitalized and treated at the Manshiet Elbakry general hospital on 28 February and is currently in a critical condition. Infection with H5N1 avian influenza was confirmed by the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory on 1 March.

Investigations into the source of infection indicate a history of close contact with dead and sick poultry prior to becoming ill.

27 February 2009- The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 32 year old male from Kim Son district, Ninh Binh Province died on 25 February.

24 February 2009- The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 23 year old female from Dam Ha District, Quang Ninh Province died on 21 February.

18 February 2009- The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has reported a new confirmed case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case has been confirmed at the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE).

The case is a 32-year old man from Kim Son district, Ninh Binh province. He developed symptoms on 5 February 2009 and was hospitalized on 13 February 2009. He is currently in a serious condition. The case is known to have had recent contact with sick poultry prior to the onset of his illness.

Further investigations are currently underway. Control measures have been implemented and close contacts are being identified and monitored.

11 February 2009- The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has reported a new confirmed case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case has been confirmed at the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE).

The case is a 23-year old woman from Dam Ha district, Quang Ninh province. She developed symptoms on 28 January 2009 and was hospitalized on 31 January 2009. She is currently in a serious condition and is known to have had recent contact with sick and dead poultry prior to the onset of her illness. Further investigations are currently underway. Control measures have been implemented and close contacts are being identified and monitored.

05 February 2009 - The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 2-year-old male from Suez Governorate, Ganain District. His symptoms began on 2 February and he was hospitalized at the Suez Fever Hospital on 3 February. He remains in a stable condition. Infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus was confirmed by the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory.

Investigations into the source of his infection indicate a recent history of contact with dead poultry.

02 February 2009 - The Ministry of Health in China has announced a new confirmed human cases of H5N1 infection. The case is a 21-year-old female from Xupu County, Hunan province. She had onset of symptoms on 23 January and remains in hospital in a clinically stable condition.

Investigations into the source of her infection indicate possible exposure to sick and dead poultry.

27 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health in China has announced three new confirmed human cases of H5N1 infection. The first, a 31-year-old female from Urumqi, Xinjiang Autonomous Region had onset of symptoms on 10 January. She received treatment in hospital but died on 23 January. Investigations into the possible source of her infection indicate recent visits to a live poultry market. The local authorities are currently conducting epidemiological investigations and close contacts are being monitored. To date, no clinical symptoms have been reported among the contacts.

The second case is a 29-year-old male from Guiyang city, Guizhou. He had onset of symptoms on 15 January and remains in a critical condition. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate possible exposure at poultry market.

The third case is an 18-year-old male from Beiliu City, Guangxi Province. He had onset of symptoms on 19 January and died on 26 January. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate a recent history of exposure to sick and dead poultry. Close contacts of the case are being monitored and to date all remain well.

26 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 2-year-old female from Manofia Governorate, Shebin Elkom District. Her symptoms began on 23 January and she was immediately hospitalized. She remains in a stable condition. Infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus was confirmed by the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory.

Investigations into the source of her infection indicate a recent history of contact with sick and dead poultry.

24 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health in China has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 16 year old male from Huaihua City, Hunan Province died on 20 January.

22 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced two new confirmed cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. A 29-year-old female from Tangerang District, Banten Province developed symptoms on 11 December 2008, was hospitalized on 13 December and died on 16 December. The investigation indicated that she visited a wet market to buy fresh produce, including chicken meat, on a daily basis. Household contacts were placed under medical observation, where none developed illness.

The second case, a 5-year-old female from Bekasi City, West Java Province developed symptoms on 23 December 2008, was hospitalized on 27 Dec 2008 and died on 2 January 2009. The investigation indicated that she visited a wet market to buy chicken meat and eggs two days prior to symptom onset. Contacts were placed under medical observation, where none developed illness.

Laboratory tests confirmed the presence of the H5N1 avian influenza virus in both cases.

19 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health in China has reported 3 new cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus.

The first case is a 27 year old female from Jinan City, Shandong Province. She developed symptoms on 5 January, was hospitalized, and died on 17 January. The source of her infection is presently under investigation.

The second case is a 2 year old female from Luliang City, Shanxi Province. She developed symptoms on 7 January, was hospitalized, and is in a critical condition. The source of her infection is presently under investigation.

The third case is a 16 year old male from Huaihua City, Hunan Province. He developed symptoms on 8 January, was hospitalized on 16 January, and is in a critical condition. The case had exposure to sick and dead poultry.

All 3 cases were confirmed by the national laboratory. All contacts have been placed under medical observation and remain healthy to date.

14 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 21-months old female from 6th October Governorate, Kerdasa District whose symptoms began on 9 January 2009.

She was initially hospitalized on 10 January and is currently in a stable condition. Infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus was diagnosed by PCR at the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory and subsequently confirmed by the US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 (NAMRU-3) laboratories.

Investigations into the source of her infection indicate a recent history of contact with sick and dead poultry.

07 January 2009 - The Ministry of Health in China has reported a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case is a 19-year old female from Chaoyang District, Beijing. She developed symptoms on 24 Dec 2008, was hospitalized, and died on 5 January 2009.

The case was confirmed by the national laboratory. The case had contact with poultry prior to her illness. All contacts have been placed under medical observation. All remain healthy to date.

The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has reported a new confirmed case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case has been confirmed at the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE).

The case is an 8-year old girl from Dien Trung commune, Ba Thuoc district, Thanh Hoa province. She developed symptoms on 27 December 2008 and was hospitalized on 2 January 2009. She is currently in a stable condition. The case is known to have had recent contact with sick and dead poultry prior to the onset of her illness.

Further investigations are currently underway. Control measures have been implemented and close contacts are being identified and monitored.

16 December 2008 - The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 16-year-old female from Assuit Governorate, Upper Egypt whose symptoms began on 8 December 2008. She was initially hospitalized at the district hospital on 11 December and then transferred to the Assuit University Hospital on 13 December where she died on 15 December. Infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus was diagnosed by PCR at the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory and subsequently confirmed by the US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 (NAMRU-3) laboratories on 15 December 2008. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate a recent history of contact with sick and dead poultry.

12 December 2008 - The Ministry of Health of Cambodia has announced a new confirmed case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The 19-year-old male, from Kandal Province, developed symptoms on 28 November and initially sought medical attention at a local health centre on 30 November. The presence of the H5N1 virus was confirmed by the National Influenza Centre, the Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, on 11 December. The patient is currently hospitalised and a team led by the Ministry of Health is conducting field investigations into the source of his infection. Contacts of the case are also being identified and provided with prophylaxis.

09 December 2008 - The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced two new confirmed cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. A 9-year-old female from Riau Province developed symptoms on 7 November and was hospitalized on 12 November. She recovered and was discharged from hospital on 27 November. Laboratory tests confirmed the presence of the H5N1 avian influenza virus. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate poultry deaths at her home on 2 November.

The second case, a 2-year-old female from East Jakarta, developed symptoms on 18 November, was hospitalized on 26 November and died on 29 November. Laboratory tests have confirmed infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. Initial investigations into the source of her infection suggest exposure at a live bird market.

10 September 2008 - The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has retrospectively announced two confirmed cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The first case, a 38 year old male from Tangerang Municipality, Banten Province developed symptoms on 4 July 2008, was hospitalized on 9 July and died on 10 July. There were free roaming poultry throughout his neighbourhood, including a commercial poultry pen owned by a neighbour.

The second case, a 20 year old male from Tangerang District, Banten Province developed symptoms on 20 July, was hospitalized on 29 July, and died on 31 July. Reports indicate that chickens from the case's household had died in the week preceding the onset of his symptoms and that he had slaughtered and consumed some of his stock during this period.

19 June 2008 - The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced two new cases of human H5N1 avian influenza infection. The cases are not linked epidemiologically. The first is a 16-year-old female from South Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province developed symptoms on 7 May, was hospitalized on 12 May and died on 14 May. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to sick and dead poultry.

The second case is a 34-year-old female from Tangerang District, Banten Province who developed symptoms on 26 May, and was hospitalized on 2 June and died on 3 June. Investigations into the source of her infection are ongoing.

28 May 08- The Ministry of Health, Bangladesh has confirmed its first case of human infection with H5N1 avian influenza. The case was identified retrospectively as part of seasonal surveillance activities run by the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDRB).

The case is a 16-month-old male from Komalapur, Dhaka. He developed symptoms on 27th January 2008 and subsequently recovered. The case was confirmed as being infected with A(H5N1) by the WHO H5 Reference Laboratory, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The case was exposed to live and slaughtered chickens at his home. Specimens have been collected from his family members and neighbours. All remain healthy to date.

30 April 08- The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 3-year-old male from Wonogiri District, Central Java Province developed symptoms on 14 April, was hospitalized on 21 April and died on 23 April. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate exposure to sick and dead poultry.

17 April 08- The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 2-year-old male from Al-Honsanya, Sharkea Governorate. He developed symptoms on 13 April and was hospitalized on 14 April and is currently in hospital. The case was confirmed as being infected with A(H5N1) by the Central Public Health Laboratories and by Cairo-based US Naval Medical Research Unit 3 (NAMRU-3).

15 April 08- The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 30-year-old female from Al-Matarya, Cairo Governorate. She developed symptoms on 2 April, was hospitalized and died on 11 April. The case was confirmed as being infected with A(H5N1) by the Central Public Health Laboratories and by Cairo-based US Naval Medical Research Unit 3 (NAMRU-3). Investigations into the source of her infection indicate a history of contact with sick and dead poultry.

08 April 08- The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 19-year-old male from Kafr El-Dawar District, Behera governorate. He developed symptoms on 30 March was hospitalized on 31 March and died on 4 April. The case was confirmed as being infected with A(H5N1) by the Central Public Health Laboratories and by Cairo-based US Naval Medical Research Unit 3 (NAMRU-3). Investigations into the source of his infection indicate a history of contact with sick and dead poultry.

03 April 2008: Two additional H5N1 cases were confirmed by serological testing, thus providing final H5N1 infection test results on a previously reported family cluster in Peshawar.

These tests were conducted by the WHO H5 Reference Laboratory in Cairo, Egypt and the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in Atlanta, USA. The table below summarises the testing results of the confirmed/probable cases in the family cluster.

- The preliminary risk assessment found no evidence of sustained or community human to human transmission. - All identified close contacts including the other members of the affected family and involved health care workers remain asymptomatic and have been removed from close medical observation.

These laboratory test results support the epidemiological findings from the outbreak investigation in December 2007, and the final risk assessment that suggested limited human to human transmission likely occurred among some of the family members which is consistent with some human-to-human transmission events reported previously. This outbreak did not extend into the community, and appropriate steps were taken to reduce future risks of human infections.

02 April 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced three new cases of human H5N1 avian influenza infection. The cases are not linked epidemiologically. The first is a 15-year-old male student from Subang District, West Java Province who developed symptoms on 19 March, was hospitalized on 22 March and died on 26 March.

The second case is an 11-year-old female student from Bekasi City, West Java Province who developed symptoms on 19 March, was hospitalized on 23 March and died on 28 March.

The third case is a 21-month-old female from Bukit Tinggi, West Sumatra Province who developed symptoms on 17 March, and was hospitalized on 22 March. She is presently recovering in hospital.

The source of infection for all three cases is still under investigation.

18 March 2008: The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has confirmed a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. The case is an 11 -year old male from Thanh Liem district, Ha Nam province. He developed symptoms on 4 March was hospitalized on 9 March and died on 14 March. The case had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to his illness. Control measures have been implemented and close contacts have been identified. All remain healthy and will continue to be monitored.

11 March 2008: The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is an 8-year-old male from Etsa District, Fayum Governorate. He was hospitalized with symptoms on 3 March. He is receiving treatment and is in a stable condition. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate a history of contact with sick and dead poultry.

05 March 2008: The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is an 11-year-old male from Menof District, Menofia Governorate. He was hospitalized with symptoms on 26 February and was confirmed as being infected with A(H5N1) by the Central Public Health Laboratory and NAMRU-3 on 4 March. He remains in a critical condition. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate a history of contact with sick and dead poultry.

04 March 2008: The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 25 years old female from Sennoris District, Fayum Governorate. She developed symptoms on 24 February and was hospitalized on 27 February. Her death has now been confirmed by the Ministry of Health and Population. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate that she had contact with sick poultry prior to becoming unwell.

28 February 2008: The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 4 years old female from El-Edwa district, Minea governorate. She developed symptoms on 21 February and was hospitalized on 24 February. She is receiving treatment and is in a stable condition. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to sick poultry in the week prior to onset of symptoms.

26 February 2008: The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has confirmed a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. The case is a 23 -year old female from Cam Khe district, Phu Tho province. She developed symptoms on 14 February was hospitalized on 19 February and died on 25 February. The case had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to her illness.

The Ministry of Health in China has reported a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case is a 44-year old female from Haifeng county, Shanwei city, Guangdong province. She developed symptoms on 16 February was hospitalized on 22 February and died on 25 February. The case had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to her illness. All contacts have been placed under medical observation. All remain healthy to date.

22 February 2008: The Ministry of Health in China has reported a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case is a 41-year old male From Xixiangtang District of Nanning City of Guangxi Autonomous Region. He developed symptoms on 12 February and died on 20 February. The case had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to his illness. All contacts have been placed under medical observation. All remain healthy to date.

20 February 2008: The Ministry of Health in China has reported a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case is a 22-year old male from Jianghua County, Yongzhou Prefecture, Hunan Province. He developed symptoms on 16 January was hospitalized on 23 January and died on 24 January. The case was confirmed by the national laboratory on 17 February. Investigations into the source of his infection are ongoing.

15 February 2008: The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has confirmed a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. The case is a 40 -year old male from Gia Loc district, Hai Duong province. He developed symptoms on 2 February was hospitalized on 8 February and died on 13 February. The case had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to his illness. The Ministry of Health and local health units have implemented control measures and close contacts have been identified. All remain healthy and will continue to be monitored.

12 February 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 15-year-old female from West Jakarta, Jakarta Province developed symptoms on 2 February, was hospitalized on 8 February and is currently in hospital in a critical condition. The case is the daughter of a previously confirmed case, the 38-year-old female from West Jakarta, Jakarta Province who developed symptoms on 23 January. Investigations into the source of her infection are ongoing.

5 February 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced two new cases of human H5N1 avian influenza infection. The first is a 29-year-old female from Tangerang City, Banten Province who developed symptoms on 22 January, was hospitalized on 28 January and died on 2 February. Investigations into the source of her infection are ongoing.

The second case is a 38-year-old female from West Jakarta, Jakarta Province who developed symptoms on 24 January 2008, was hospitalized on 26 January and is currently in hospital in a critical condition. Investigations into the source of her infection are ongoing.

1 February 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 31-year-old female from East Jakarta, Jakarta Province died on 31 January.

Of the 124 cases confirmed to date in Indonesia, 102 have been fatal.

30 January 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 32-year-old male from Tangerang Municipality, Banten Province died on 29 January.

Of the 124 cases confirmed to date in Indonesia, 101 have been fatal.

29 January 2008: The Ministry of Health in Indonesia has confirmed an additional four cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. Two of these cases were fatal. There is no evidence of an epidemiological link between the cases.

The first case, a 31-year-old female from East Jakarta, Jakarta Province, developed symptoms on 18 January, was hospitalized on 22 January and is currently in hospital. The investigation indicated that she visited a wet market where live poultry are sold three days prior to symptom onset.

The second case, a 9-year-old male from Depok Municipality, West Java, developed symptoms on 16 January, was hospitalized on 23 January and died on 27 January. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate that the case lived next door to a wet market where live poultry are sold.

The third case, a 32-year-old male from Tangerang Municipality, Banten Province, developed symptoms on 17 January, was hospitalized on 24 January and is currently in hospital. Investigations into the source of his infection are ongoing.

The fourth case, a 23-year-old female from East Jakarta, Jakarta Province, developed symptoms on 19 January, was hospitalized on 24 January and died on 27 January. Investigations into the source of her infection are ongoing.

24 January 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 30-year-old male from Tangerang District, Banten Province died on 24 January 2008.

24 January 2008: The Ministry of Health in Vietnam has confirmed a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. The case has been confirmed by the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE).

The case is a 34 year old male from Tuyen Quang Province. He developed symptoms on 10 January, was hospitalized on 16 January and died on 18 January. The case had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to his illness. Poultry infected with H5N1 avian influenza were identified in the case's village following his illness.

Control measures have been implemented and close contacts have been identified. All remain healthy and will continue to be monitored.

23 January 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 30-year-old male from Tangerang District, Banten Province developed symptoms on 13 January 2008, was hospitalized on 19 January and is currently in the hospital. Investigations into the source of his infection are ongoing.

21 January 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. An 8-year-old male from Tangerang District, Banten Province developed symptoms on 7 January 2008, was hospitalized on 16 January and died in an AI referral hospital on 18 January. Investigations into the source of his infection are ongoing, however initial reports indicate the case lived in close proximity to a chicken slaughter house.

18 January 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 16-year-old female from West Java Province died on 15 January 2008.

15 January 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 32-year-old female from Tangerang District, Banten Province developed symptoms on 3 January 2008, was hospitalized on 9 January 2008 and died on 10 January. Investigations indicate the case had a history of close contact with birds and poultry in the week prior to her onset of symptoms.

11 January 2008: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 16-year-old female from West Java Province developed symptoms on 30 December 2007, was hospitalized on 4 January 2008 and is currently in hospital. Investigations found a history of deaths in chickens in the case's neighborhood in the two weeks preceding her onset of symptoms.

03 January 2008: The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 50 years old female from Domiatt governorate died on 31 December.

02 January 2008: The Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt has announced two new cases of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza.

The first case is a 25 years old female from Dekerns District, Dakahlyah Governorate. She developed symptoms on 26 December, was hospitalized on 27 December and died on 30 December.

The second case is a 36 years old female from Menof District, Menofia Governorate. She developed symptoms on 26 December, was hospitalized on 29 December and died on 31 December. To date, there has been no evidence of an epidemiological link between this case and the previous case from Menofia Governorate announced on the 28 December.

Both women had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to illness onset.

28 December 2007: The Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt has announced two new cases of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. The first case is a 50 year old female from Domiatt Governorate. She was hospitalized on 24 December and is in critical condition.

The second case is a 22 year old female chicken seller from Menofia Governorate. She was hospitalized on 26 December and is presently recovering in intensive care. Both women had contact with sick and dead poultry prior to illness onset.

The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has confirmed a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. The case is a 4 year old male from Son La Province. He developed symptoms on 7 December, was hospitalized on 11 December and died on 16 December. Control measures have been implemented and close contacts have been identified. All remain healthy and will continue to be monitored. The source of exposure is currently under investigation.

27 December 2007: The first case of human infection with H5N1 avian influenza has been confirmed in Pakistan. Laboratory tests conducted by the WHO H5 Reference Laboratory in Cairo, Egypt and WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, in London, United Kingdom have confirmed the presence of avian influenza virus strain A(H5N1) in samples collected from one case in an affected family. Additional laboratory analysis, including gene sequencing, is ongoing.

The following conclusions have been made accordingly:

• The preliminary risk assessment found no evidence of sustained or community human to human transmission.
• All identified close contacts including the other members of the affected family and involved health care workers remain asymptomatic and have been removed from close medical observation.

26 December 2007: The Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. The case is a 25 year old female from Bany Suwef Governorate. She was hospitalized on the 21 December and died on 25 December. The source of her exposure is currently under investigation.

26 December 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 24-year-old female from West Jakarta municipality, DKI Jakarta province developed symptoms on 14 December, was hospitalized on 19 December and died on 25 December. The source of her exposure is currently under investigation.

18 December 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 47-year-old male from Tangerang District in Banten Province died on 13 December.

14 December 2007: The Ministry of Health in Myanmar has confirmed the country's first case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case is a 7-year-old female from Kyaing Tone Township, Shan State (East). She developed symptoms of fever and headache on 21 November 2007 and was hospitalized on 27 November. She has now recovered. Initial findings indicate poultry die off in the vicinity of the case's home in the week prior to the onset of illness. To date, all identified contacts of the case remain healthy and ongoing surveillance activities in the area have not detected any further cases.

13 December 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 47-year-old male from Tangerang City, Banten Province developed symptoms on 2 December and was hospitalized on 9 December. The source of his exposure is currently under investigation.

12 December 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 28-year-old female from Tangerang City, Banten Province developed symptoms on 1 December, was hospitalized on 7 December and died in an AI referral hospital on 10 December. The case worked as a road side seller of decorative plants. Poultry and poultry cages were located in the vicinity of her business. Investigations are ongoing into the source of her infection.

09 December 2007: The Ministry of Health in China has reported a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus in Jiangsu Province. The 52-year old male is the father of the 24-year old man who died from H5N1 infection on 2 December 2007. He is one of the close contacts placed under medical observation by national authorities. He developed symptoms on 3 December and was sent immediately to hospital for treatment.

04 December 2007: The Ministry of Health in China has reported a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The 24-year old male from Jiangsu Province, developed symptoms on 24 November, was hospitalized on 27 November and died on 2 December. There is no initial indication to suggest he had contact with sick birds prior to becoming unwell. Close contacts have been placed under medical observation and all remain well.

12 November 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 31-year-old male from the Bengkalis District, Riau Province developed symptoms on 31 October, was hospitalized on 3 November and died in an AI referral hospital on 6 November. Identification of the source of his infection is ongoing and includes investigation into a large swallow farm in close proximity to the case's house.

05 November 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 30-year-old female from the Tangerang Municipality, Banten Province developed symptoms on 23 October, was hospitalized on 31 October and died in an AI referral hospital on 3 November.

The investigation found that there were poultry deaths in the case's neighborhood in the days prior to her onset of symptoms.

31 October 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 3-year-old male from the Tangerang District, Banten Province developed symptoms on 14 October. The case has recovered.

25 October 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 5-year-old female from the Tangerang District, Banten Province developed symptoms on 14 October, was hospitalized on 20 October and died in an AI referral hospital on 22 October. The investigation found that there were poultry deaths in the case's neighborhood in the two weeks prior to her onset of symptoms.

17 October 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced the death of a previously confirmed case of H5N1 infection. The 12-year-old male from Tangerang District in Banten Province died on 13 October.

12 October 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 12-year-old male from Tangerang District in Banten Province developed symptoms on 30 September and is currently in hospital. The investigation team found that he had direct contact with dead chicken near his school in the days before his illness.

08 October 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 44-year-old female from Pekanbaru City in Riau Province developed symptoms on 1 October and died on 6 October. A team is currently investigating the case to determine the source of her exposure. All of the contacts are being monitored but all remain healthy.

02 October 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 21-year-old male from Jakarta Province developed symptoms on 18 September, was hospitalized on 25 September and died in hospital on 28 September. The investigation found that the case was an egg seller in a traditional market. All of the contacts remain healthy, where they will continue to be monitored for ten days after their last contact with the case.

10 September 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 33-year-old male from Riau Province developed symptoms on 25 August, was hospitalized on 2 September and died in hospital on 6 September . His source of exposure is currently under investigation.

31 August 2007: WHO has introduced an External Quality Assessment Project for national reference laboratories for the detection of subtype influenza A viruses by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and has now amended the criteria for accepting confirmed cases of A(H5) infection.

Based on the amended criteria, the Ministry of Health of Viet Nam confirms the following 5 additional cases of human infection with H5N1 avian influenza, including 4 deaths, in the country.

Sex	Age	Location	Onset date	Hospitalized	Outcome
F	28	Ha Nam	3 Jun 07	6 Jun 07	Died 21 Jun 07
M	29	Thanh Hoa	30 May 07	31 May 07	Recovered
M	20	Ha Tay	2 Jun 07	8 Jun 07	Died 10 Jun 07
F	22	Ha Tay	20 Jul 07	22 Jul 07	Died 28 Jul 07
M	15	Thanh Hoa	27 Jul 07	1 Aug 07	Died 3 Aug 07

23 August 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 28-year-old female from Tabanan District, in Bali Province developed symptoms on 14 August, was hospitalized on 18 August and died in hospital on 21 August. The case was a poultry trader. The case investigation found that she collected poultry from villages where outbreaks of avian influenza in poultry had occurred and were later confirmed by rapid testing.

16 August 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 17-year-old female from Tangerang District, in Banten Province developed symptoms on 9 August, was hospitalized on 13 August and died in hospital on 14 August. Her source of exposure is currently under investigation.

14 August 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 29-year-old female from Bali Province developed symptoms on 3 August and was hospitalized on 7 August. She died on 12 August. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to sick and dead poultry.

25 July 2007: The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 25-year-old female from Damietta Governorate. She developed symptoms on 20 July and was hospitalized the following day.

She is receiving treatment and is in a stable condition. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to sick and dead poultry in the week prior to onset of symptoms.

11 July 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 6-year-old female from Banten Province developed symptoms on 23 June and was hospitalized on 5 July. She died on 8 July. According to the outbreak investigation findings, the source of exposure was likely to have been an outbreak in chickens near the school that she attended in the five days preceding her onset of illness.

29 June 2007: The Ministry of Health in Viet Nam has confirmed two new human cases of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection, the first human cases to have been reported from Viet Nam since November 2005.

The first case is a 29 year old male from Vinh Phuc Province. He developed symptoms on 10 May some days after slaughtering poultry for a wedding. He was admitted to hospital on 15 May and was discharged on 11 June.

The second human is a 19 year old male from Thai Nguyen Province. He developed symptoms on 20 May following exposure to poultry at a slaughter house. He was admitted to hospital on 25 May and remains in hospital in a stable condition.

These human cases have coincided with a large number of new poultry outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza reported in Viet Nam during May and June this year.

25 June 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 3-year-old female from Riau Province developed symptoms on 18 June and has since recovered. Investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to sick and dead poultry.

The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has confirmed a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 4 years old male from Qena Governorate. He developed symptoms on 20 June and was admitted to hospital on 21 June. He is receiving treatment and is in a stable condition. Initial investigations into the source of his infection indicate exposure to dead poultry.

15 June 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 26-year-old male from Riau Province developed symptoms on 3 June, was hospitalized on 6 June and died in hospital on 12 June. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate exposure to sick and dead poultry.

12 June 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has confirmed a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 4 years old female from Qena Governorate. She is receiving treatment and is in a stable condition. Initial investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to dead birds.

11 June 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has confirmed a new human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 10 years old female from Qena Governorate. She developed symptoms on 1 June, was admitted to hospital on 6 June and died on 9 June. Initial investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to dead birds.

06 June 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 16-year-old female from Kendal district, Central Java province developed symptoms on 21 May, was hospitalized on 25 May and died in hospital on 29 May. Initial investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to dead poultry.

04 June 2007: The Ministry of Health in China has informed WHO of the country's 16th death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 19-year-old male soldier serving in Fujian province died on 3 June.

31 May 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 45-year-old male from Grobogan district, Central Java Province developed symptoms on 17 May, was hospitalized on 26 May and died in hospital on 28 May. Initial investigations into the source of his infection indicate exposure to dead poultry.

30 May 2007: The Ministry of Health in China has reported a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The 19-year old male soldier, serving in Fujian province, developed fever and pneumonia-like symptoms on 9 May and was hospitalized on 14 May. There is no initial indication to suggest he had contact with sick birds prior to becoming unwell. Close contacts have been placed under medical observation and all remain well.

24 May 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 5-year-old female from Wonogiri district, Central Java Province developed symptoms on 8 May, was hospitalized on 15 May and died in hospital on 17 May. Initial investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to dead poultry.

16 May 2007: WHO can now confirm 15 additional cases, including 13 deaths of human infection with H5N1 avian influenza that occurred in Indonesia from the end of January 2007 up to the present. The following additional cases of human infection with H5N1 avian influenza have been confirmed. Seven of these cases had exposure to sick or dead poultry; the source of infection is unknown for eight cases.

Sex	Age	Location	Onset date	Hospitalized	Outcome
M	30	West Java	25 Jan 07	31 Jan 07	Recovered
F	16	Central Jakarta	31 Jan 07	5 Feb 07	Recovered
F	20	West Java	2 Feb 07	9 Feb 07	Died 11 Feb 07
F	20	East Java	28 Feb 07	8 Mar 07	Died 19 Mar 07
M	32	East Jakarta	9 Mar 07	13 Mar 07	Died 14 Mar 07
F	22	South Sumatra	10 Mar 07	23 Mar 07	Died 24 Mar 07
M	16	West Java	4 Mar 07	24 Mar 07	Died 25 Mar 07
M	39	East Java	19 Mar 07	24 Mar 07	Died 28 Mar 07
M	14	West Sumatra	15 Mar 07	22 Mar 07	Died 24 Mar 07
F	29	Jakarta	20 Mar 07	23 Mar 07	Died 28 Mar 07
F	23	Jakarta	28 Mar 07	31 Mar 07	Died 1 April 07
F	15	Jakarta	28 Mar 07	30 Mar 07	Died 5 April 07
M	29	Central Java	24 Mar 07	30 Mar 07	Died 5 April 07
F	29	Riau	27 April 07	28 April 07	Died 3 May 07
F	26	North Sumatra	3 May 07	8 May 07	Died 12 May 07

11 April 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced the death of the 15-year-old female from Cairo Governorate.

10 April 2007: The Ministry of Health in Cambodia has confirmed the country's seventh case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. It is the first case to be confirmed in humans in Cambodia in 2007. The 13-year-old girl, from Ponhea Kreak district in Kampong Cham province, developed symptoms on 2 April and was hospitalized the following day. She died on 5 April. Initial investigations into the source of the girl's infection indicate the presence of sick and dead poultry in the village in recent weeks and that she had consumed a sick chicken prior to onset of symptoms.

The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced two new human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The first case, a 2-year-old female from Menia Governorate, developed symptoms on 3 April and was admitted to hospital the following day. She is currently in a stable condition. Initial investigations into the source of her infection indicate recent contact with backyard poultry.

The second case is a 15-year-old female from Cairo Governorate. She developed symptoms on 30 March and was admitted to hospital on 5 April where she remains in a critical condition.

02 April 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced three new human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The first case, a 4-year-old boy from Qena Governorate, is the brother of the 6-year-old girl whose infection was reported on 28 March. He developed symptoms on 26 March and was admitted to hospital on 29 March. The second case, a 7-year-old boy from Sohag Governorate, developed symptoms on 26 March and was hospitalized on 29 March. The third case is a 4-year-old girl from Qalubiea Governorate. She developed symptoms on 29 March and was admitted to hospital the following day.

All three children are receiving treatment and remain in a stable condition. Investigations into the sources of exposure indicate a history of contact with dead birds in each case. Contacts of the children are under surveillance and all remain healthy.

29 March 2007: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed China's 24th human case of H5N1 avian influenza. It is the country's 15th fatality from the disease. A 16-year-old male from Anhui Province developed symptoms of H5N1 influenza on 17 March, was hospitalized 20 March, and died on 27 March 2007 of H5N1 avian influenza. An investigation is ongoing to determine the source of the exposure.

28 March 2007: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed Egypt's 28th and 29th human cases of H5N1 avian influenza. A 6-year-old girl from Qena Governorate and a 5-year-old boy from Menia Governorate both were hospitalized 25 March 2007 with symptoms of H5N1 avian influenza. Both remain hospitalized in stabile condition. There is a history of contact with sick birds in both cases.

27 March 2007: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed Egypt's 27th human case of H5N1 avian influenza. The 3-year-old girl from Aswan Governorate developed symptoms on 22 March and was hospitalized 24 March 2007. She remains hospitalized in stabile condition. There is a history of contact with poultry, but no relationship to other human cases in the area.

20 March 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The 2-year-old boy from Aswan Governorate developed symptoms on 15 March. He was admitted to hospital the following day where he remains in a stable condition. Investigations indicate a history of contact with backyard poultry.

19 March 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The 10-year-old girl from Aswan Governorate, was admitted to hospital with symptoms on 13 March and her condition remains stable. Investigations indicate that she had recently been exposed to sick poultry. Contacts of the girl are being kept under observation.

16 March 2007: The Ministry of Health in Lao People's Democratic Republic has reported a second human case of infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case was fatal. The 42-year-old female was from Saka village, Pong Hong district in Vientiane province. Tests taken during an investigation to determine the source of exposure have found a duck positive for H5 in the woman's household. Close family and hospital contacts are being monitored and to date, none has shown signs of infection.

12 March 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The 4-year-old boy was from Ad Daqahliyah Governorate. He developed symptoms on 7 March 2007, was admitted to hospital on 8 March and his condition remains stable. The boy was exposed to sick birds during the first three days of March. Contacts of the boy remain healthy and are being closely monitored.

08 March 2007: The Ministry of Health in Lao People's Democratic Republic has confirmed the country's first death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 15-year-old female from Vientiane, whose infection was announced 27 February, died on 7 March after being hospitalized in neighboring Thailand.

01 March 2007: The Ministry of Health in China has reported one case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case is a 44-year-old woman from Jian'ou county, Fujian province. She remains in critical condition. Information provided to WHO indicates that she is a farmer who kept birds in her back yard and was possibly exposed to sick birds. An investigation is under way to determine if this exposure was the source of her infection. Close contacts have been placed under medical observation.

The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The 4-year-old girl was from Dakahlea Governorate. She remains stable. The girl was exposed to sick birds at her home one week prior to the onset of symptoms. Contacts of the girl remain healthy and are being closely monitored.

27 February 2007: The Ministry of Health in Lao People's Democratic Republic reported today the first human case of infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The 15-year-old female was from Vientiane, where she developed influenza-like symptoms on 10 February and was hospitalized in Vietiane with fever and respiratory symptoms on 15 February. She sought medical care in neighboring Thailand on 17 February and is currently in Nongkhai public hospital where she remains in stable condition.

A team from the Thai and Lao ministries of health and WHO officials investigated the situation in the girl's village and those districts where poultry deaths had occurred earlier. Close contacts of the girl have been identified and are being monitored daily. The adults were provided prophylaxis with oseltamivir and to date, all of these people remain healthy.

19 February 2007: The World Health Organization and Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The 5-year-old boy from Sharkia Governorate was admitted to hospital with symptoms on 14 February, and his condition remains stable. The boy was exposed to sick birds one week prior to the onset of symptoms. Contacts of the boy remain healthy and have been placed under close observation.

16 February 2007: The World Health Organization and Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has confirmed the country's 13th death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 37-year-old female whose infection was announced on 15 February, died today.

15 February 2007: The World Health Organization and Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The 37-year-old female from Fayyoum Governorate was admitted to hospital with symptoms on 12 February 2007 and her condition remains stable. She was involved in the slaughter and de-feathering of sick birds one week prior to the onset of illness.

06 February 2007: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The 17-year-old female from Fayyoum Governorate developed symptoms on 25 January 2007 and was initially treated for seasonal influenza. She was hospitalized on 1 February with fever and breathing difficulties, and died on 2 February. Initial investigations into the source of her exposure indicate the presence of sick and dead poultry at her home in the days prior to the onset of symptoms.

03 February 2007: The government of Nigeria has announced today the presence of A/H5N1 avian influenza virus in a 22-year-old deceased female from Lagos. The initial positive test findings from a laboratory in Nigeria were confirmed by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in London. Further investigations are under way to identify the source of her infection.

29 January 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 6-year-old female from Magelang District in Central Java Province developed symptoms on 8 January and died in hospital on 19 January. Initial investigations into the source of her infection indicate exposure to dead poultry.

22 January 2007: The Ministry of Health of Indonesia has announced a new case of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza. A 26-year-old woman from West Java Province developed symptoms on 11 January and died in hospital on 19 January. Initial investigations of the source of her infection indicate that the woman had been involved in the slaughter of sick chickens in the days prior to symptom onset.

The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has announced a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case was confirmed by the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory and by the US Naval Medical Research Unit No.3 (NAMRU-3). The 27-year-old woman from Beni Sweif Governate developed symptoms on 9 January 2007 and died in hospital on 19 January. Initial investigations indicate the presence of sick and dead poultry at her residence in the days prior to the onset of illness.

15 January 2007: The Ministry of Health in Indonesia has informed World Health Organization (WHO) of the death of a 22-year-old woman from Tangerang City, Banten Province. The Ministry of Health has also confirmed two additional cases of human infection of H5N1 avian influenza.

A 22-year-old woman from South Jakarta developed symptoms on 6 January 2007 and died on 12 January 2007. Investigations into the source of her exposure found reports of bird deaths near her home in the days prior to symptom onset.

The 18-year-old son of the 37-year-old woman from Tangerang City, Banten Province has now also been confirmed as infected with H5N1 avian influenza. He remains in hospital in a critical condition. Investigations into the source of his infection indicate similar environmental exposure as his mother.

12 January 2007: The Ministry of Health in Indonesia has informed World Health Organization (WHO) of a recent death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 38 year old woman from Tangerang, Banten Province whose infection was announced on 9 January, died in hospital on 11 January 2007.

The Ministry of Health has also confirmed a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The 22 year old woman from Banten Province developed symptoms on 3 January 2007 and remains in hospital. An initial investigation into the source of her exposure found reports of chicken deaths near her home in the days prior to symptom onset.

11 January 2007: The Ministry of Health in Indonesia has informed World Health Organization (WHO) of a recent death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 14 year old boy from West Jakarta, whose infection was announced on 9 January, died on 10 January after being hospitalized.

The Ministry of Health has also confirmed a new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The 22 year old woman from Banten Province developed symptoms on 3 January 2007 and remains in hospital. An initial investigation into the source of her exposure found reports of chicken deaths near her home in the days prior to symptom onset.

10 January 2007: The Ministry of Health in China has informed World Health Organization (WHO) of a new human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The case is a 37 year old man from Tunxi in Anhui Province. The patient has been discharged and is recovering well. Information provided to WHO indicates that he was a farmer and may have kept a number of birds in his back yard. No information on possible exposure to diseased birds as the source of his infection is presently available, but an investigation is under way.

09 January 2007: The Ministry of Health in Indonesia has informed World Health Organization (WHO) of two new human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. The first newly-confirmed case is a 14 year old male from West Jakarta. He remains hospitalized. Deaths among poultry in the neighborhood have recently been reported. The source of exposure is currently under investigation.

The second case is a 37 year old female from Tangerang, Banten Province. She remains in intensive care. Initial investigations suggest sick poultry as the possible source of infection.

27 December 2006: The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population has informed World Health Organization (WHO) of three new human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection. All three cases belong to one extended family in Gharbiyah province, 80 kilometres northwest of the capital city, Cairo. While being transferred and cared for at the country's designated avian influenza hospital, a 30 year-old female, a 15 year-old girl and a 26 year-old male died. The cases reportedly had contact with sick poultry (ducks). The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population is conducting further investigations and has initiated public health measures. The other family members remain healthy and have been placed under close observation.

29 November 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed Indonesia's 57th death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 35-year-old female, whose infection was announced on 13 November, died early in the morning on 28 November in hospital.

13 November 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed an additional two cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The first newly-confirmed case is a 35-year-old female from Tangerang in Banten Province. She remains hospitalized. Her source of exposure is currently under investigation.

The second case, which was fatal, occurred in a 30-month-old male from Karawang in West Java Province. An initial investigation of his exposure source found reports of chicken deaths near his home in the days prior to symptom onset.

31 October 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed Egypt's seventh death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 39-year-old woman, whose infection was confirmed on 11 October, died on 30 October.

16 October 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed three fatal cases of human infection with the H5N1 virus in Indonesia. The first confirmed case occurred in a 67-year-old woman from West Java Province. Diagnosis was complicated by the presence of chronic diseases. Chickens reportedly died in her household and neighborhood prior to symptom onset. The second case was an 11-year-old male from South Jakarta, Jakarta Province. His recent history included exposure to dead chickens in his neighborhood. The third case was a 27-year-old female from Central Java Province. The source of her exposure is currently under investigation.

11 October 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed in Egypt the country's first case of human infection with the H5N1 virus since May of this year. The patient is a 39-year-old woman from the Gharbiya governorate in the Nile Delta. She developed symptoms on 30 September and was hospitalized on 4 October. She subsequently developed pneumonia. She remains hospitalized in stable condition.

28 September 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed another death from H5N1 avian influenza. The 20-year-old man, whose infection was announced yesterday from Indonesia, died early this morning.

27 September 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed two cases of human infection of H5N1. One case occurred in a 59-year-old farmer from Nong Bua Lam Phu Province in the north-eastern part of Thailand. Possible H5N1 infection was suspected when relatives reported the sudden death, in the days prior to symptom onset, of several fighting cocks raised by the farmer. Local veterinary authorities noted a number of poultry outbreaks in the area. The second case is a 20-year-old male from Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. He developed symptoms of fever and cough and remains hospitalized.

25 September 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed two fatal cases of human infection of H5N1. The first case occurred in an 11-year-old boy from East Java Province. The second case occurred in a 9-year-old boy from South Jakarta. Both had contact with poultry.

19 September 2006: The World Health Organization has retrospectively confirmed a nonfatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case, a 3-year-old boy, was hospitalized in Baghdad in March 2006. His illness was mild and he fully recovered.

14 September 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed two additional cases of human infection of H5N1 that occurred in March and May 2006. The first case was fatal and occurred in a five-year-old male from East Bekasi, West Java Province. His test results showed high antibody concentration for H5N1 on consecutive serum samples and these test results are consistent with new WHO criteria for laboratory confirmation. The second case is a 27- year-old male from Solok, West Sumatra Province. This case was identified during the tracing of contacts of the man's sister, who developed symptoms and was subsequently confirmed to be H5N1 infected. The 27-year-old male's symptoms remained mild and he recovered within a few days. Initial testing from this male were negative for H5N1 infection but follow-up testing in August found a fourfold rise in neutralization antibody concentration for H5N1, a test result which meets the WHO criteria for laboratory confirmation.

8 September 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed another fatal human case of H5N1. The case is a 14-year-old female from Makassar, South Sulawesi Province. The case had contact with poultry near her home. In addition to the above case WHO is adding two cases in Indonesia, dating back to June and November of 2005. The first retrospectively confirmed fatal case was an 8-year-old female from Tangerang in Banten Province. The second retrospectively confirmed nonfatal case is a 45-year-old male from Magelang, Central Java Province. With WHO's recent revision of case definitions for H5N1 infection inclusion of these two cases now aligns figures given for Indonesia in the WHO cumulative table of laboratory-confirmed cases with those officially issued by the Ministry of Health.

23 August 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed another human case of H5N1. The case is a 6- year-old female from Bekasi, West Java Province. She remains hospitalized but is recovering. The source of her infection is currently under investigation.

21 August 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed another fatal human case of H5N1. The case occurred in a 35-year-old woman from the remote subdistrict of Cikelet, West Java Province. She is the third confirmed case from this sub-district to be reported in the past week. A team of experts is presently in the Cikelet subdistrict investigating the outbreak and monitoring for further cases. Three hamlets are the focus of investigation. The preliminary findings of the investigation has found no evidence of human-to-human transmission and no evidence that the virus is spreading more easily from birds to humans. The cooperation of residents is good, house-to-house surveillance for febrile illness is continuing, and specimens have been taken from symptomatic persons and sent for testing.

17 August 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed another fatal human case of H5N1.The case occurred in a 9-year-old girl from a remote village in Garut district, West Java Province. She developed symptoms on 1 August, was hospitalized on 14 August, and died on 15 August. Recent chicken deaths were reported in her household.

14 August 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed two more human cases of H5N1, a fatal case in China, and a nonfatal case in Indonesia. A 62 year-old male farmer in Xinjiang Province, in northwestern China developed symptoms of the disease, and died 12 July. Initial test results were negative, but later were positive. There was no known exposure to poultry, and the case is under investigation. In Indonesia, a 17-year-old boy is recovering at home with confirmed H5N1. He was exposed to sick and dying poultry in his household, and buried the carcasses. In addition, a 20- year-old man in his neighborhood also became sick, but died with symptoms of avian influenza and respiratory failure before undergoing any testing for the disease.

9 August 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 17-year-old female from Jakarta Province. An investigation into her source of infection found that pet pigeons were kept inside her home and that several neighboring households maintained flocks of backyard poultry.

8 August 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 16-year-old male from West Java Province- Indonesia. The Ministry of Health in China today, retrospectively confirmed a human case of H5N1 infection dating back to November 2003. The fatal case occurred in a 24-year-old member of the military service based in Beijing.

7 August 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 27-year-old man from the central province of Uthai Thani.

20 July 2006: The WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION confirmed that the death of a 44-year-old fried chicken vendor east of Jakarta was due to H5N1. He had been exposed to poultry both around his home and at a local wet market

14 July 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 3-year-old girl from a suburb of Jakarta- Indonesia.

05 July 2006:The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 5-year-old boy from the East Java Province- Indonesia.

20 June 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 13-year-old boy from South Jakarta- Indonesia.

16 June 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case is a 31-year-old man employed as a truck driver in Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, near the border with Hong Kong. He remains hospitalized, in critical condition, with severe pneumonia.

15 June 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 7-year-old girl from Tangerang district in Indonesia. Laboratory testing of surviving family members and close contacts has been conducted and no further cases were found.

6 June 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The case occurred in a 15-year-old boy from West Java Province in Indonesia.

29 May 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed additional six cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus. Three of these cases were fatal. One of the new confirmed case is an 18-year-old man from East Java Province, who is now recovering. Two of the fatal cases occurred in a 10-year-old girl and her 18-year-old brother from Bandung, West Java. An additional fatal case occurred in a 39-year-old man from West Jakarta. The remaining two patients are a 43-year-old man from South Jakarta and a 15-year-old girl from West Sumatra, who developed symptoms on 17 May. The 43-year-old man has recovered and been discharged from hospital. The 15-year-old girl remains hospitalized. None of the newly confirmed cases is associated with the family cluster in Karo, North Sumatra.

23 May 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed an additional fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus in a in a 32-year-old man. The case is part of a family cluster in the Kubu Sembelang village, Karo District, of North Sumatra. The man is the seventh member of an extended family to become infected with the H5N1 virus and the sixth to die.

19 May 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed an additional fatal case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus in a 12-year-old boy from Bekasi in East Jakarta- Indonesia.

18 May 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed a fatal case of H5N1 avian influenza in a 75-year-old woman from the Al Minya governorate- Egypt. WHO confirmed an additional seven cases of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus in Indonesia. Six of the cases were fatal.

11 May 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed a nonfatal case of H5N1 avian influenza in a two-year old girl in the east African country of Djibouti. Her siblings are also undergoing testing for H5N1. Three chickens have been identified as dying from the disease there. All testing, including in the chickens, was performed by the NAMRU-3 lab in Cairo. This is the first time that the disease has been identified in that country in either humans or animals.

8 May 2006: The WHO confirmed a fatal human case of H5N1 in Indonesia. A 30-year-old man from Tangerang, west of Jakarta, lived close to poultry pens, and had been exposed to the disease.

5 May 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) announced the death due to H5N1 of a previously confirmed case. A 27-year-old Cairo woman who was confirmed as having H5N1 yesterday has now died.

4 May 2006: The WHO confirmed another human case of H5N1, a 27-year-old woman from Cairo, Egypt. She had visited a household where chickens were slaughtered. She is currently hospitalized.

27 April 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed an additional human case of avian influenza in China. An 8-year-old girl from Sichuan Province was confirmed with the disease. Poultry deaths had recently occurred near her house.

21 April 2006:The World Health Organization (WHO) has formally confirmed eight human cases of H5N1, including two fatalities, in Egypt. This includes the announcement of the recent death of a previously announced case, as well as the retrospective confirmation of eight other cases, including one death.

21 April 2006: The WHO also confirmed a fatal case in China. A 21-year-old male migrant worker in Hubei Province who was previously classified by the WHO as a nonfatal case on 19 April has now died of H5N1.

19 April 2006: The WHO also confirmed a fatal case in Indonesia. A 24-year-old man living in Tangerang outside Jakarta died of the disease. The source of the infection is unknown.

12 April 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed another case of H5N1 in Indonesia, a 23-year-old poultry worker from Sumatra. He was working in West Java on a farm where poultry deaths had recently occurred. He was treated, and has now recovered.

11 April 2006: The WHO confirmed a nonfatal case of H5N1 in a 17-year old girl in Azerbaijan. She lived in the Daikyand settlement in Salyan, where 7 of the 8 cases in Azerbaijan occurred. Her 15-year-old cousin was previously confirmed by the WHO as having H5N1.

6 April 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed a fatality in Cambodia due to H5N1. A 12-year-old boy who apparently gathered up dead chickens to distribute for food died from the disease. He lived along the southeastern border of Cambodia, near Vietnam.

4 April 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed a fatal case of H5N1 avian influenza in Indonesia today. The 20-month-old girl, who lived in West Jakarta, presumably was exposed to sick poultry. Chickens had recently been dying in her neighborhood, although the cause has not yet been determined.

3 April 2006: The World Health Organization also confirmed four human cases in Egypt, two of them fatal. An additional three cases are awaiting confirmation. The two survivors have fully recovered.

31 March 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed another fatal human case of H5N1 avian influenza in Indonesia. A one-year old infant died after developing the disease through contact with sick chickens near her home in Jakarta.

24 March 2006: The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed a fatal case of H5N1 in China. The victim was a 29-year-old female migrant worker from Shanghai.

The WHO also confirmed a fatal human case of H5N1 in Cambodia. This was the first human case in Cambodia since April 2005. The victim was a 3-year-old girl who had been playing with chickens, some of whom appeared sick. Poultry had been dying in her village since February.

21 March 2006: The WHO has confirmed seven human cases of H5N1 in Azerbaijan. Five of the cases were fatal. Most of the cases occurred in young women, and may have been associated with the plucking of dead swans for the purpose of gathering feathers. However, not all of the cases have been associated with known exposure to sick or dead poultry. The WHO is in the country investigating.

13 March 2006: The World Health Organization has confirmed another fatal case of avian influenza in Indonesia, a 12-year-old girl from Central Java. Her 10-year-old brother died the previous day after being diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever, a mosquito-borne virus. Chickens in her household had died the preceding week.

10 March 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed another fatal case of avian influenza in a 4-year-old boy from Semerang, Central Java. Chickens had been dying from the H5N1 virus in his neighborhood.

8 March 2006 :On 8 March 2006, the World Health Organization confirmed an additional fatal case in China, a 9-year-old girl in the province of Zhejiang. The source of her infection has not been reported.

6 March 2006: The World Health Organization has confirmed an additional fatal case in China, a 32-year old man from Guangdong Province. Investigators are trying to determine if the man had contact with sick or dying poultry. Avian influenza due to H5N1 has not been documented in poultry in that province.

3 March 2006: The World Health Organization has confirmed an additional three human cases of H5N1. There were two cases in China, both non-fatal, and an additional fatal case in Indonesia. The two Chinese cases were both associated with exposure in Anhui Province, where there have been ongoing poultry outbreaks. The Indonesian case was from West Java, also in an area with outbreaks in poultry.

3 March 2006: The World Health Organization also confirmed a previously announced fatal case of H5N1 in Iraq. The 39-year old man, who died in January, was the uncle of the girl who was the first in Iraq to contract the disease.

25 February 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed an additional case in Indonesia, a 23-year-old man who sold eggs at a live poultry market in East Jakarta. The WHO found no evidence of human-to-human transmission.

17 February 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed three more fatal cases, two in Indonesia, and one in China. The Chinese fatality was associated with the culling of sick poultry, and the two fatalities in Indonesia both had potential exposure to birds or poultry.

9 February 2006: The World Health Organization confirmed an additional nonfatal case in Fujian Province in China. No poultry infections have been identified nearby, but the victim is a farmer.

3 February 2006: The death of a teenaged girl from the Kurdish area of northeastern Iraq was officially confirmed by the World Health Organization as due to the H5N1 avian influenza virus. Her uncle's death is still being investigated, and three others suspected of having the H5N1 virus are hospitalized. Animal outbreaks from the H5N1 virus have not been confirmed in Iraq, although there have been poultry deaths, and extensive culling is under way.

27 January 2006: Of the 17 probable human H5N1 cases in Turkey still awaiting official confirmation from the World Health Organization, 8 have now been confirmed by the agency and added to their official count, including two more fatalities. This brings the total of confirmed cases in Turkey to 12. In addition, despite statements by the World Health Organization earlier this month that there were no human cases of H5N1 in Iraq, the agency has now acknowledged that testing has now demonstrated that the earlier victim did apparently die from H5N1, although official confirmation will be held until testing by a second WHO-certified lab is complete.

25 January 2006: On January 23, 2006, the World Health Organization confirmed an additional two cases of H5N1 in Indonesia, both fatal. They were a 13-year-old girl and her 4-year-old brother. An older sister and their father are still hospitalized with symptoms consistent with H5N1. All members of the family had close contact with diseased poultry.

25 January 2006: On January 25, the WHO confirmed an additional fatal case in China, a 29-year-old woman with no obvious contact with diseased poultry. Authorities are investigating. There are still 17 probable cases of H5N1 in Turkey that are awaiting confirmation by the World Health Organization, in addition to the four that were previously confirmed. Thus far, no additional cases have been identified this week.

19 January 2006: The total case count in Turkey currently stands at 21, including 4 fatalities. Of these, only four cases, including two fatalities, have been officially confirmed by the World Health Organization, although the agency anticipates that confirmatory testing in Great Britain will yield similar results. The case fatality ratio in Turkey is only 20%, compared to nearly 60% in southeastern Asia and China. Earlier this week, a fatal case in Indonesia was officially confirmed by the World Health Organization.

13 January 2006: Thus far, four cases, with two deaths, have been confirmed in Turkey. Eleven more are awaiting formal confirmation by the World Health Organization (WHO), including three from the Ankara area. An additional fatal case (a sibling of two previously confirmed cases) will probably be confirmed if adequate laboratory studies were completed prior to burial. This would add up to a total of 16 cases in Turkey. The WHO has stated that close contact with sick poultry appears to be a factor with all of the cases. In China, another nonfatal case has been confirmed, and two additional deaths have been added to the 2005 total retroactively.

6 January 2006: In the first week of 2006, there were two confirmed fatalities from H5N1 in eastern Turkey along the Armenian/Iranian border, siblings exposed to dying chickens on a farm. A third sibling died January 6, and is a suspected case. The World Health Organization is assisting with the investigation. The children were reportedly playing with dead chickens.